A bibliographic compilation is given on thermophysical properties of the environmentally acceptable hydrofluorocarbon blends r404a, r407c, and r410a. The objective of this fifteenmonth project has been to provide highly accurate, selected thermophysical properties data for refrigerants 32. Desirable properties of refrigerants chemical engineering site. Different refrigerants are used for different temperature conditions and there is no ideal one that is suitable for all conditions. Thermodynamic and transport properties of refrigerants are necessary for predicting. Greenhouse effect global warming clean air act caa alternative refrigerants. Literature survey on thermophysical properties of refrigerants. Thermophysical properties of hfc143a and hfc152a arti mclr project number 65050800 w. Thermophysical properties of natural refrigerants nist. Opteon refrigerants for air conditioning, refrigeration, and heat pump applications have the optimal balance of performance, environmental sustainability, safety, and cost. The symposium is concerned with theoretical, experimental, simulation, and applied aspects of the thermophysical properties of gases, liquids, and solids, including biological systems. Facts and trends article pdf available in international journal of refrigeration 342. Mar 23, 2019 download thermophysical properties of brines book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Proceedings of the asme 2016 heat transfer summer conference collocated with the asme 2016 fluids engineering division summer meeting and the asme 2016 14th international conference on nanochannels, microchannels, and minichannels.
Thermophysical properties of refrigerants book osti. Refrigerants r402a, r402b, and r404a properties, uses. Thermophysical properties of refrigerants 1976 edition. This model simulates the thermodynamic cycle operating at specified heat sink and heat source temperature profiles, and includes the ability to account for the effects of thermophysical properties and refrigerant mass flux on refrigerant heat transfer and pressure drop in the airto refrigerant. Nist reference fluid thermodynamic and transport properties. The paper on refrigerants has been divided in two parts. Click below to go to the master list of all commercial resources. The refrigerants have a thermodynamic property charge. In particular, physical properties of refrigerants are useful for determining the applicability of a refrigerant under design operating conditions. The refrigerant in any refrigerator or air conditioner flows continuously through the vapor compression cycle, absorbing the heat in the evaporator and releasing it in the condenser.
Refrigerant 12 dichlorodifluoromethane properties of saturated liquid and saturated vapor. The program has roots extending back to at least 1909. Download thermophysical properties of brines book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Related commercial resources ashrae handbook fundamentals chapter. The thermophysical properties of the brines influence the energy transport processes and so affect the performance of plants and equipment. The refrigerants have a thermodynamic property chart on pressureenthalpy coordinates with an abbreviated set of tabular data for saturated liquid and vapor on the faci ng page. Most properties that are available in the graphical interface can also be calculated in the spreadsheet.
Thermophysical properties of propane are tabulated at integral temperatures over the entire range of fluid states from 85 to 700sup 0k along isobars to 70 mpa by using a modified form of the nonanalytic equation of state. This information is based on values calculated using the nist refprop database mclinden, m. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Understanding applications for alternate refrigerants. The thermodynamic properties of refrigerants columbushoa. The input and output format was aloo changed to yield. This paper investigates the development of a method capable of giving a ranking order, best to worst, for the thermal effectiveness of refrigerants. Jun 01, 2001 the history of the research program on thermophysical properties of refrigerants at the national institute of standards and technology nist is described in this paper. Refrigerant is the life blood of the vapor compression cycle.
Here are some of the desirable properties of refrigerant explained in detail. New tables of the thermodynamic properties of dupont. Refrigerants thermodynamic, physical, chemical, safety related and environmental properties have been presented and discussed in the first part of the paper. While having less impact on the environment, flammable refrigerants. Refrigerants physical properties engineering toolbox. Haynes thermophysics division, national institute of standards and technology abstract numerous fluids have been identified as promising alternative refrigerants, but much of. Refrigerants refrigeration systems and applications. Modeling of thermodynamic properties for pure refrigerants and. Data mining techniques for thermophysical properties of. Thermodynamic properties for r410a free pdf file sharing. Thermophysical properties and corrosion behavior of secondary coolants frank hillerns, ph. These refrigerant blends are still under investigation and meant to replace the transitional hydrochlorofluorocarbon r22 and the azeotrope r502. Thermodynamic properties of refrigerant r4a, also known as 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane, r4a, freon 4a, forane 4a, genetron 4a, florasol 4a, suva 4a or hfc4a and norflurane inn.
Physical properties chemical formula ccl2 f2 molecular mass 120. Pc running windows 98, 2000, xp, vista, window 7 or similar operating system. In order to choose a suitable fluid and for technical calculations of the system there is a need to know the thermophysical properties of the liquid secondary refrigerant. Thermophysical properties of refrigerants by american society of heating, refrigerating and airconditioning engineers. In this study, different data mining techniques lr, mlp, pr, slr, smo, kstar, ar, m5 model tree, dt, m5rules were used for determining thermophysical properties as the specific heat capacity, viscosity, heat conduction coefficient, density relating to liquid and vapour phase of the refrigerants. Pdf thermodynamic properties of refrigerant r116 from cubic. Positively innovative refrigerants r32 daikin chemical europe. Physical properties of refrigerants molecular weight, boiling, freezing and critical points engineering toolbox resources, tools and basic information for engineering and design of technical applications. Institut international du froid international institute of refrigeration 1 7, bou l ev a rd m sh 75017, paris, france tel. The gwp used as a reference here is the gwp of co 2 over an integration period of 100 years. Thermophysical properties of fluids mechanical engineers. Thermodynamic properties of refrigerants r11, r12, r, r14.
The objective of this study is to obtain thermophysical properties depending on temperature and pressure values of different new refrigerants used in the vapor compression refrigeration system. Thermophysical properties and transfer processes of. It is the fluid that flows continuously through the refrigeration cycle or vapor compression cycle absorbing heat from the low temperature reservoir and throwing it to the atmosphere or any other high temperature reservoir. No companies have listed products specifically related to this chapters topic. This makes the contribution of the refrigerant on its own difficult to assess. Ashraenist refrigerant conference invited talk and paper m. Thermophysical properties of refrigerants t his chapter presents data for thermodynamic and transport properties of refrigerants, arra nged for the occasional user. Pdf depletion of ozone layer in the stratosphere and global warming caused due to the use of different cfc and hcfc refrigerants have. This class of substances is loosely defined to include carbon dioxide, ammonia, water, air, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, light hydrocarbons, and mixtures of these substances. Thermophysical properties of glycols and glymes pedro j. The refrigerants have a thermodynamic property chart on pressure most cfc. Development of the refprop database and transport properties of refrigerantsmclinden1998doece2381097. Comparative evaluation of refrigerant properties full ul, performance, operating maps and reliability testing thermophysical similarity of r448a and r449a has been verified the thermophysical properties of r448a are much closer to r407a than r404a r404a is much denser than r448a.
Thermodynamic properties of duponttm freonr 12 r12. In addition, the physical properties of the freon hp refrigerants are listed in table. Thermophysical properties of aqueous solutions used as. Read online thermophysical properties of brines book pdf free download link book now. Accurate thermophysical properties are available for several fluids. Thermophysical properties and transfer processes of refrigerants and on commercial refrigeration. Influence of those properties, which is of the utmost significance on the vapor compression process effi. Pdf thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids. These physical properties of refrigerants help us select the proper refrigerant for the application as per our requirement. Xoj 9617 sltlvd l l09l seqjeselolt\\l phll l thermophysical properties of liquid secondary refrigerants.
These tables, along with a table for the saturated liquid, include values for density, compressibility factor, internal. Technical information at22 thermodynamic properties of dupontz freon. This is a haloalkane refrigerant with thermodynamic properties similar to r12 dichlorodifluoromethane but with insignificant ozone depletion. This international standard specifies thermophysical properties of several commonly used refrigerants and refrigerant blends. Guidelines for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants in static. This refrigerant is called freon 404a r404a, and its composition is. As the refrigerant flows through the continuous vapor compression cycle it absorbs heat from a lowtemperature reservoir and deflects it into the atmosphere. Introduction in the course of the last twenty years, dynamic light scattering dls has been used with increasing effort and attention at ltterlangen for the measurement of thermophysical properties of pure refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures. Tutraf luoropropene hfo1234yf to calculate saturation properties na estimations of the thermodynamic and transport properties of r1234yf using a cubic equation of state and group contribution methods. The latest book from a very famous author finally comes out. State equation, equation of saturated vapor pressure, equation of liquid volume, equation of specific heat capacity, enthalpy and entropy for r11, r12, r, r14, r22, r23, r1, r114, r500 and r502 are presented. Whenever we choose them for particular use properties of refrigerants also plays a vital role in economic and environmental friendly application. Measurement and formulation of the thermodynamic properties of.
For refrigerant mixtures of technical interest the paper includes. This article describes thermodynamic properties of the refrigerants the ideal refrigerant. Opteon refrigerants low global warming potential refrigerants for air conditioning and refrigeration. Isobutane r600a these data are derived from the brochure thermodynamic and physical properties of r600a published by the iir. Thermophysical properties and transfer processes of refrigerants commission b1 with commission b2 the search for the best refrigerant in any particular application, in the light of the ozone depletion and the global warming impact issues.
Thermophysical property needs for the environmentally acceptable halocarbon refrigerants. A sample spreadsheet is included that demonstrates how the refprop dll can be linked to excel. Iir conference on thermophysical properties and transport processes of refrigerants keynote talk and paper p. The calculations were made for alternative refrigerants r4a, r404a, r407c and r410a, which do not damage to ozone layer. This chapter presents data for thermodynamic and transport properties of refrigerants, arranged for the occasional user. Thermophysical properties of refrigerants no companies have listed products specifically related to this chapters topic.
Thermophysical properties of twophase refrigerant based. This is the seventeenth symposium of the wellestablished series of conferences on thermophysical properties. The thermodynamic and physical properties of freon 4a, coupled with its low toxicity, make it a very efficient and safe replacement refrigerant for cfc12 in many segments of the refrigeration industry, most notably in automotive air conditioning, appliances, small stationary equipment, mediumtemperature supermarket cases, and. It requires commonly available thermophysical properties only. Refrigerants are widely used in refrigeration cycle where cooling effect below the atmospheric temperatures are needed. Accurate thermophysical properties are prerequisite knowledge to design efficient and costeffective refrigeration systems which use natural working fluids. Iir conference on thermophysical properties and transport processes of refrigerants. The publication presents a set of equations and constants for calculating thermodynamic properties of refrigerants. Thermophysical properties and transfer processes of refrigerants 2009. Pdf thermodynamic properties were predicted, for saturated phases and in the singlephase region for refrigerant ri16 c2f6.
The fortran subroutines and associated fluid data files are provided for those wishing to access refprop calculations from their own applications. All refrigerants are dangerous if misused or applied incorrectly. Discuss refrigerant selection criteria based on thermodynamic, thermophysical, environmental and economic properties section 26. Thermophysical properties of pure refrigerants and. This international standard is applicable to the refrigerants r12, r22, r32, r123, r125, r4a, r143a, r152a, r717 ammonia, and r744 carbon dioxide and to the refrigerant blends r404a, r407c, r410a, and r507a. Refrigerant r4a properties, uses, storage, and handling. Thus, in the design and performance estimation of components, equipment and plants these external influences should be considered. Thermophysicalproperty needs for the environmentally. First research activities for refrigerants by dls at ltterlangen were motivated by the prohibition of chlorinated hydrocarbons cfcs based on the montreal protocol in 1987. The refrigerants have a thermodynamic property chart on pressureenthalpy coordinates with an abbreviated set of tabular data. Refrigerant properties are necessary to describe the operating characteristics of the refrigerant within a system. This program is based on the most accurate pure fluid and mixture models currently available. Thermophysical properties of isobutane from 114 to 700 k.
This section presents data for the thermodynamic and transport properties of refrigerants, arranged for the occasional users. You should have made proper choices for your better life. The liquid chosen should give enough freezing security, good transport capabilities, good heat transfer ability. Hfc125 hfc143a hfc4a freon 404a r404a, wt% 44 52 4 the individual components of the three mixtures are listed in table 1 to show their chemical names and formulae. Thermodynamic properties of duponttm freonr 22 refrigerant. Refrigerant performance evaluation including effects of. Additionally, the model can optimize the refrigerant mass flux in the heat exchangers to maximize the coefficient of performance. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Thermophysical properties of liquid secondary refrigerants. The refrigerants have a thermodynamic property chart on pressureenthalpy coordinates with an abbreviated set of tabular data for saturated liquid and vapor on the facing page.
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